Key references organized by the role they play in the model rather than by topic.
Framework foundation
Reference
Contribution
Tornatzky & Fleischer (1990)
Original TOE formulation
Oliveira & Martins (2011)
Systematic review of TOE applications
Baker (2012)
TOE update and critical assessment
Congruence logic and its estimation
Reference
Contribution
Edwards (1994), OBHDP 58
Polynomial regression as the alternative to difference scores
Edwards & Parry (1993), AMJ
Response surface analysis canon
Edwards (2002), Organizational Research Methods 5(4)
The congruence protocol followed here
Edwards & Cable (2009), JAP 94(3)
P-E Fit operationalized through RSA
Kristof-Brown et al. (2005)
P-E Fit meta-analysis
Shanock et al. (2010), JBP
RSA reporting standards
Box & Wilson (1951)
Second-order response surface foundations
Why joint optimization
Reference
Contribution
Trist & Bamforth (1951), Human Relations
Sociotechnical systems
Cohen & Levinthal (1990)
Absorptive capacity
Appelbaum et al. (2000)
AMO framework
Size effects
Reference
Contribution
Aldrich & Auster (1986)
Liability of smallness
Hannan & Freeman (1984)
Organizational inertia
Brewer (1991), PSPB
Optimal distinctiveness
Configurational analysis
Reference
Contribution
Ragin (2008)
fsQCA canon
Schneider & Wagemann (2012)
Standards of good practice
Greckhamer et al. (2018)
Coverage and consistency benchmarks
Measurement and inference standards
Reference
Contribution
Podsakoff, MacKenzie, Lee & Podsakoff (2003), JAP 88, 879–903
Common-method variance standards
Williams, Hartman & Cavazotte (2010), ORM
Unmeasured latent method factor
Spector (2006)
Critique of CMV folklore
Hayes (2015; 2017)
Moderation inference
Wooldridge (2010)
Panel estimation standards
Bertrand, Duflo & Mullainathan (2004)
Inference in difference-in-differences
Domain definitions
Reference
Contribution
Vial (2019), JSIS 28(2)
Digital transformation definition
Westerman et al. (2011)
Digital maturity
Baldwin & Ford (1988)
Training transfer
NoteCitation verification
The 2026-05-04 internal review verified twelve of the standard citations directly and identified further references required by methodological standards but absent from Draft v1 — principally the CMV, RSA-reporting, and panel-inference entries above. Several recently dated sources still require identifier verification and appropriate in-press labelling before submission.